English History

  • Poets
    • Byron
      • Letters
      • Poems
    • Keats
      • Letters
      • Poetry
    • Shakespeare
      • Poetry
      • Plays
    • Tennyson
  • Middle Ages
  • Vikings
  • Romans
  • Kings and Queens
    • Stuarts
    • Tudor
  • About
    • History of English Art
    • Privacy & Cookie Policy
    • Contact
    • The Right to Display Public Domain Images
    • Author & Reference Information For Students

Ælle of Sussex

Ælle was the first king recorded by the 8th century chronicler Bede to have held “imperium”, or overlordship, over other Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, thus the first King of England.

A tenacious and violent Saxon warlord he conquered what is now Sussex, the borders of which, became his Kingdom. A Wodenist he fought a war of destruction against the Romano-Brythonic people with little pity. Possibly destroyed the Roman Palace at Fishbourne in Sussex.

Other Saxon war chiefs helped or followed him. Wurtha and Hæsta were two of them (Worthing and Hastings are named after them).

There are two early sources that mention Ælle by name. The earliest is The Ecclesiastical History of the English People, a history of the English church written in 731 by Bede, a Northumbrian monk. Bede mentions Ælle as one of the Anglo-Saxon kings who exercised what he calls “imperium” over “all the provinces south of the river Humber”; “imperium” is usually translated as “overlordship”. Bede gives a list of seven kings who held “imperium“, and Ælle is the first of them. 

Bede also tells us that Ælle was not a Christian.

The second source is the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, a collection of annals assembled in the Kingdom of Wessex in 890 AD, during the reign of Alfred the Great. The Chronicle has three entries for Ælle, from 477 to 491, as follows:

  • 477: Ælle and his 3 sons, Cymen and Wlencing and Cissa, came to the land of Britain with 3 ships at the place which is named Cymen’s shore, and there killed many Welsh and drove some to flight into the wood called Andredes leag.
  • 485: Here Ælle fought against the Welsh near the margin of Mearcred’s Burn.
  • 491: Here Ælle and Cissa besieged Andredes cester, and killed all who lived in there; there was not even one Briton left there.

Aelle died around 514 AD

Link/cite this page

If you use any of the content on this page in your own work, please use the code below to cite this page as the source of the content.

Link will appear as Hanson, Marilee. "Ælle of Sussex" https://englishhistory.net/middle-ages/aelle-of-sussex/, March 4, 2022

You are here: Home » Middle Ages » Ælle of Sussex

Search English History

Learn More About Medieval England

  • Medieval England
  • Norman Monarchs
  • The Plantagenets
  • House of Lancaster
  • House of York
  • Battle of Hastings
  • The Crusades
  • The Wars of the Roses
  • Medieval Architecture
  • Medieval Castles
  • English Folklore

Popular Posts

Medieval Knights and Knighthood
Fifth Crusade (1217 – 1221)
Heptarchy
Medieval Shields and Heraldry
Henry III
Sutton Hoo
Medieval Sieges
Edward the Confessor
Battle of Stamford Bridge 1066
Sixth Crusade (1228 – 1229)

The Tudors

Lord Byron

John Keats

shakespeare

Copyright © 1999-2023 All Rights Reserved.
English History
Other Sites: Make A Website Hub

Copyright © 2023 · English History 2015